Artificial intelligence in education, digital and online learning, AI literacy and digital skills development, educational technology infrastructure and learning management systems, high-speed optical communication systems and devices, wireless communication systems, network and cyber security, communication system design and optimisation, grid-connected systems, hybrid photovoltaic (PV) energy systems, intelligent energy management systems, finite element modelling of photonic devices, photonic crystal fibres, metamaterials, surface plasmon polaritons.